Volume 3 : Issue 4, December 2013
Table of Content, 25 Dec 2013
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Relation between Symptomatic Idiopathic Hypercalciuria with Urinary Tract Infection in Patients Attending to Children Hospital |
Original Research, C23 Ghassemi K., Esteghamati M., Rahmati M.B., Hamedi Y.,Nazemi A. Molavi M.A., Alavi S.A. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 102-104, 2013. ABSTRACT: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is known as one of the most frequent disease in pediatric medicine. A new additional risk factor to predisposing patients to UTI is mentioned as Idiopathic Hypercalciuria (IHC). IHC is defined as a hypercalciuric status with normal level of calcium in serum and absence of any secondary cause of Hypercalciuria. In this study our aim was to evaluate relation of symptomatic idiopathic hypercalciuria with UTI in children. This prospective case-control study includes 251 patients who were presented to outpatient clinic of Children hospital of Bandar Abbas. Patients divided in two groups. Case group contains 182 patients with proven UTI and control group contains 69 patients without any signs or symptoms of UTI. Mid-stream urine sample to determine Ca/Cr ratio collected from all patients. 24 hours urine collection was ordered for patients with Ca/Cr ration more than 0.21mg/mg. diagnosis of IHC was based on Ca/Cr ratio more than 4 mg/mg/kg in 24 hours with no secondary cause of IHC.We evaluated association between idiopathic hypercalciuriaand UTI in 251 patients. In case group after collecting 24 hours urine, 66 (36.3%) patients and in control group 3 (4.3%) patients detected as idiopathic hypercalciuria We discovered that frequency of hypercalciuria is higher in female (66.6%) than male (34.4%) and idiopathic hypercalciuriawas found significantly more in patients with UTI (P=0.001); but we did not found any evidence to prove relation between recurrent UTI and idiopathic hypercalciuria (P=0.64). Our findings show, the most common manifestations of idiopathic hypercalciuriawere dysuria, frequency and hematuria.Conclusion: On the basis of these results, we confirmed the hypothesis that idiopathic hypercalciuriais an important risk factor of UTI (P=0.001) but there was no significant association between recurrent UTI and idiopathic hypercalciuria. |
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Comparison of Conventional Diagnostic Modalities with PCR for Detection of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Symptomatic Patients |
Original Research, C24 Ruparelia J.R., Sodagar N.R., Patel J.S., Pandya H.B., Singh N.R., Naik K.B., Prajapati H.B. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 105-110, 2013. ABSTRACT: Introduction: Helicobacter Pylori are currently implicated in the pathogenesis of various gastric and duodenal disorders and also a risk factor in gastric carcinomas. H. Pylori infection is detected by various invasive & noninvasive methods and each method has its own pits & falls. Out of all the techniques PCR is considered to be most rapid, accurate and sensitive method. Purpose: The present study is an attempt to evaluate and compare the efficiency of conventional diagnostic techniques with PCR. Methods: Four fragments of antral biopsies were collected from 100 patients & were processed for PCR, RUT, Culture and Gram staining. Serum sample was processed for determination of IgG antibodies (indirect ELISA).Results: The detection rate H. Pylori infection of various tests were as follows serology 54%, PCR 44%, RUT 36%, Gram staining 24% and Culture 22%. Sensitivity of Serology and PCR was found higher 100% than RUT (81.81%), Gram’s staining (54.54%) and culture (50%). The specificity of PCR, RUT, Gram’s staining and culture were 100%, and serology was 82.14%. Among the five diagnostic methods PCR was most accurate with 100% accuracy and the highest agreement of PCR was found with RUT. Conclusions: Our study suggestes that association of PCR & Serology constitutes the best choice for confirming the diagnosis due to its high concordance rate followed by RUT and serology if PCR is not possible due to limited resources. |
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Comparison of Bone Mineral Density in Young Patients with Type One Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Diabetic Patients
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Original Research, C25 Zahmatkesh M, Goharian A.R, Farokhseresht R, Zare SH, Namazi S.S, Zare Shahri R. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 111-114, 2013. ABSTRACT: Patients with diabetes mellitus have various skeletal disorders. The aim of present study was to compare the bone mineral density among type one diabetic patients and control. This case control study was performed in endocrine clinic of Bandar Abbas in 2012. Totally 78 patients (39 case and 39 control) were enrolled in this study using convenience sampling method. Bone resorption markers, HbA1C, T3, T4, TSH were evaluated after 12 hours fasting. A questionnaire consisting demographic variables and BMI, cigarette smoking, and previous fracture were documented. Data was analyzed using SPSS 19 by Chi-square and T-test. The mean age of participants was 29.11 ± 7.3 years. Eighty percent of case group and 20% of control had previous pathologic fracture. Also, 4 patients of case group and none of the control patients had low BMD. Previous pathologic fracture and low BMD were significantly higher in case group in comparison with control. Osteoporosis was not significantly different between male and female. Bone mineral densitometry was lower in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients. Prevention of osteoporosis by considering nutritional supplementations is recommended. |
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Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis Studies in Tissue Culture of Onobrichis Altissima Gross
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Original Research, C26 Kamalvand A., Karamian R., and Jabbarzadeh Kaboli P. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 115-119, 2013. ABSTRACT: With more than 70 species in Iran, Onobrychis miller is the biggest genus of the Fabaceae family and is mainly used as fodder due to its nutritional value. For the first time, in this paper, somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis processes are reported using different explants obtained from seedlings (hypocotyle, epicotyle, and cotyledon) of Onobrychis altissima species. Different cotyledon, hypocotyle, and epicotyle explants were cultured in the MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium using two concentrations of BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and 2, 4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid hormones. Frequency of callus induction and new organs were analyzed after two or three subcultures. The results were categorized using Duncan’s test. The maximal callus induction on different explants (hypocotyle, epicotyle, and cotyledon) was observed in concentrations of 1 mg and 5 mg per liter of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) hormone and concentrations of 0.5 mg/liter and 5 mg/liter of BAP hormone. The largest root induction frequency was observed in MS planting medium having only NAA or low BAP concentrations and maximal germ induction frequency was reported in MS medium with high BAP concentrations compared to NAA treatment. |
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The Influence of Living Arrangements on the Prevalence of Psychosomatic Disorders between Elderlies in the city of Rasht |
Original Research, C27 Entesar Foumany G.H., Salehi J. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 120-125, 2013. ABSTRACT: A number of studies have shown that attending elderly care homes (ECHs) increases the risk of negative emotions, conflicts, and psychological stresses and consequently, susceptibility to a variety of diseases in elderlies. Accordingly, the aim of the present research was to evaluate and compare the prevalence of psychosomatic disorders among elderlies living in the ECHs and community dwelling elderlies. Materials and methods: Using cluster random sampling method 160 elderlies of over 65 were sampled from public ECHs, private ECHs, alone elderlies, and elderlies living with their families. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and a "Psychosomatic disorders checklist". The most striking observation to emerge from the data comparison was that the prevalence of psychosomatic disorders in elderlies who lived alone or with their families was more than that of elderlies who lived in ECHs (p<0.01). There was no significant difference between the prevalence of the disorders between men and women, alone elderlies and those who live with their families, and public ECHs and private ECHs. Despite public opinion, the results of this investigation show that living in care homes, if certain standards and conditions are observed, is less harmful for elderlies than living alone or living with a bad family. |
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Efficacy of Anxiety Exposure as a stand-alone Treatment in Meta cognitive Beliefs and Pathological Worry Associated with Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
Original Research, C28 Mahmoud Alilou M., Shahmoradi G., BakhshipourRoodsari A., Morsali U. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 126-129, 2013. ABSTRACT: Worry is a component of many psychological disorders. Worry exposure is a technique that is useful in treating excessive worry. We examined its efficacy in reducing pathological worry and met cognitive beliefs associated with generalized anxiety disorder. Three patients were selected by convenient sampling. The method was a multiple-baseline experimental single case study. Subjects completed Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and Met cognitions questionnaire (MCQ-30) at pretreatment (baseline), treatment (session1, session4 and session8) and at follow-up (three months after treatment).The results provide consistent evidence that in patients with GAD, Worry exposure reduced associated symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. In conclusion, worry exposure as a stand-alone treatment is efficacious in reducing pathological worry and met cognitive beliefs symptoms typically faced in GAD patients. |
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Prevalence of Eating Problems and its Relationship with Family Nutrition Pattern in Preschool Children of BandarAbbas |
Original Research, C29 Zamani L., Haghighat Sh., Jahedi S. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 130-133, 2013. ABSTRACT: The present research was carried out in order to study the rate of outbreak of eating disorders and their relationship with the model of family feeding in preschool children in Bandar-Abbas City. A descriptive correlation method was employed in this research. The statistical society was the total number of preschool children in Bandar-Abbas County, including 4370 children, in 2011 to 2012 academic year; 222 of which were studied by the method of random cluster sampling. Tools of data collection were the questionnaires of family feeding model and eating disorders which were distributed among the research samples after surveying the validity and reliability of them. Results revealed that the selection-based eating disorder is more prevalent among preschool children and the model of family feeding and its components are significantly associated with children’s eating disorders. |
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Clinical Manifestations of Probable Pertussis in Pediatrics Admitted to Bandar Abbas Children’ Hospital |
Original Research, C30 Rahmati M.B., Safdarian F., Gholami M., Hamedi Y. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 134-138, 2013. ABSTRACT: Pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease that children are being vaccinated in our country for prophylaxis. Despite high vaccination coverage the incidence of pertussis is still increasing. This study was done to investigate the prevalence of pertussis in children and its clinical manifestations before and after the beginning of vaccination age. This descriptive-analytic study was performed in children with coughs for more than two weeks whom found with no reason for prolonged cough and were diagnosed with pertussis. The clinical records of the patients were assessed and the result of culture was studied. The data was then analyzed using chi square test in SPSS. A total of 140 patients including 77 (55%) male and 63 (45%) female with the mean age of 5.19± 3.13 months enrolled in this study that had history of more than two weeks cough. There was no significant difference in clinical manifestations of the two groups (less and more than six months). It is suggested to vaccinate mothers for immunization of children. |
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The Effectiveness of Reality Therapy Training on the Identity Status and Hope in Female Students.
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Original Research, C31 Mahmoodi J, Gharadaghi A, and Zemestani M. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 139-147, 2013. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy training on the identity status and hope in female students of Islamic Azad University of Marand, Iran. This was a quasi-experimental study that used control group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study consisted of all female students of Islamic Azad University / Marand Branch who were studying in the academic year of 2017-2018. A total of 40 female stusents were selected by the targeted sampling method. Samples were randomly divided into two groups (each group = 20) of experimental and control groups. The data collection instrument used in the samples was two questionnaires, including Ahmadi's Identity Crisis (1999) and Beck's hopelessness scale (1988). Data from questionnaires were analyzed using covariance analysis. Findings showed that reality therapy training significantly decreased the hopelessness and identity crisis in the female students (p ˂ 0/01) where the research hypotheses were confirmed. Therefore, it can be concluded that the identity crisis and reduced hopelessness in individuals may be solved using reality therapy training. |
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Acute renal failure after multiple honeybees’ stings (Case Report)
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Case Report, C32 Ghasemi K., Esteghamati M., Moayedi A.R., Alavi S.A. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 148-149, 2013. ABSTRACT: Insect sitting is a common cause of anaphylaxis. Cumulative dose of multiple stings can cause morbidity and mortality associated with honeybee-sting incidents. The reaction of human immune system against that considered as a variety of allergic reaction (local) and direct toxic effect (systemic). Local reaction includes pain, swelling, erythema, itching, rhabdomyolysis and systemic reaction appear with multiple organ involvement (renal, liver, gastrointestinal effect) and that is different from person to person. We had a report about a 4 year old girls with multiple stings on face, head and limbs. Case report: We had a report about a 4 year old girl was stung on face, head and limbs with honey bees and the other complications within a day after sting. She developed anuria, nausea and vomiting. She discharged after 7 days with receiving his medication and without significant complications. |
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Evaluating the Efficacy of Fluid Therapy in Pediatric Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department |
Original Research, C33 Amini A., Arhami Dolatabadi A., Derakhshanfar H., Khoramiyan M.K., Pourmohammad Z Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 150-154, 2013. ABSTRACT: Fluid therapy is an essential part of treatment of dehydrated pediatric patients. There are few studies conducted regarding fluid therapy errors in hospitalized children. The aim of this study was evaluating the efficacy of fluid therapy in pediatric patients admitted to the emergency departments of three teaching hospitals. This study was conducted in 2011 in Haft-e-Tir, Imam Hossein and Mofid hospitals. Dehydrated pediatric patients (under the age of 18) were evaluated for dehydration severity before treatment. Treatment was conducted and the data was collected including fluid type, fluid volume, bolus volume and its frequency, used electrolytes and treatment duration, outcome, length of stay and complications. The data was analyzed using SPSS, Ver. 20. Totally 160 pediatric patients participated in this study. The mean and SD of the age of the patients was 26.2±31.1 months; 51.3% of the subjects were male, 70% of them suffered from moderate dehydration and the rest from severe dehydration; 42.8% of the patients (n=68) received improper fluid therapy in the first 8 hours, 73.3% in the first 16 hours, and 67.6% in the first 24 hours; meanwhile 34.5% of children had received inadequate bolus treatment. All of the ICU patients had received proper fluid therapy. Improper fluid therapy is a common error in dehydrated pediatric patients; however, patients with severe conditions received fluid therapy more properly. Improvement of the knowledge of healthcare team can play an important role in prevention and reduction of the fluid therapy errors. |
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Outcomes of Unintentional Traumas and their Influencing Factors  |
Original Research, C34 Shahrami A., Nikmanesh V., Amini A., Alomohammadi H., Samiei M, Moallem M. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 155-160, 2013. ABSTRACT: Unintentional injuries are among the major causes of the morbidity and mortality in the world. Therefore, the researchers have attempted in the present study to provide a comprehensive picture of the status of unintentional traumas, their outcomes and influencing factors. This is a cross-sectional study of unintentional injuries in patients admitted to the emergency departments of the two hospitals, namely Imam Hossein (AS) Teaching Hospital and Shohaday Haftom Tir Hospital. After taking samples by using systematic sampling method, the relevant factors were studied using a questionnaire. Types of unintentional traumas, the outcomes of the incidents, affecting factors and the costs of treatment were evaluated. The level of statistical significance was considered to be p <0.05. The findings of this study showed that from total 1500 patients, 716 patients (47.7%) were treated and discharged from the emergency departments, 411 subjects (27.4%) were hospitalized and 182 patients (12.1%) were discharged against medical advice (AMA) from the emergency departments or other departments (2 patients). It should be noted that 120 patients (8.0%) left the emergency departments without prior notice and 36 subjects (2.4%) were referred to other centers. The mortality rate of the patients was 2.33%, i.e. 35 patients died. The mortality rate in this study was 2.33%. The findings of this study showed that some factors including fracture in the head and neck, comatose during admission, hemodynamic instability, being non-married and failing to comply with safety regulations are the factors that increase the chance of death. |
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The Effect of Exercise Induced Hemorheological Adaptation on Respiratory Function and Sport performance
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Original Research, C35 Dabbagh Nikookheslat S., Khani M., Sadri EsfanjanKi., Azadi B. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 161-175, 2013. ABSTRACT: Exercise hemoreology is the issue of many studies done on athletes, sedentary people and patients who suffer different illnesses. Changes in red blood cells’ properties occur in most exercise methods that one of the most incident one is changes in RBC deformability which happens in most sports events and intense exercises. Blood lactate that reduces number of RBC and their flexibility is a result of exercise induced RBC rigidity and reduced flexibility. Thus, there might be a relationship between blood lactate concentration and RBC rigidity during exercise. In other hand, it has been confirmed that excessive usage of oxygen in active muscle and inadequate pulmonary oxygen supply in well exercised athletes leads to hypoxemia which cause the formation of free radicals. Studies have shown that oxidative stress during acute exercise accompanies by hemorheological disorders, but its mechanisms haven’t been clarified yet. Since sport performance relates to oxygen carrying capacity to active muscles, increased performance as a result of increased hematocrit by exercising in high altitude, blood doping or erythropoietin injection isn’t surprising. Because of biological engineering, erythropoietin has been very accessible and erythropoietin doping has been very popular as a result. But, logic of this kind of doping contradicts with physiological information. In normal conditions, there is a negative correlation between hematocrit and physical fitness. So, in various kinds of sports, different hemorheological patterns are observed. |
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Measles Antibody Followed MMR Vaccination Among Children in BandarAbbass |
Original Research, C36 Rahmati M.B., Safdarian F., Taherzadeh T., Mousavi A., Zare S.H. Asian J. Med. Pharm. Res., 3(4): 176-178, 2013. ABSTRACT: Measles is the most deadly of all childhood rash/fever illnesses. The disease spreads very easily, so it is important to be protected against infection. Extensive vaccination is the best way to prevent measles. We conducted a descriptive study conducted in 5 health service centers of Bandar Abbas and 194 vaccinated children from May 2012 to December 2012. Target groups were children with 13 to 18 months age who received first MMR vaccine (Group A) and 19 to 24 month's age children who received first and second MMR vaccine (Group B). We evaluated the anti-measles anti-body ELIZA method in both groups 1 to 6 months after vaccination. The results of this study showed that 1 to 6 month after first and second MMR vaccination, highly effective immunity against measles (98.96%) is acquired In 137 children (male, female) of group A, mean titer of anti-measles antibody was 57.69 IU/ml and in 58 children (male, female) in group B, was 55.70. Anti-measles antibody under 1.2 IU/ml considered as seronegative. Only two children in group A had insufficient immunity against measles. We found no significant difference between serum level of anti-measles antibody in two groups of children and also no remarkable correlation between gender and serum level of anti-measles anti-body found. |
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